2022 Annual Report on the Chinese Communist Government’s Persecution of The Church of Almighty God

February 8, 2023

Table of Contents

  • 1. Overview
  • The CCP Continued Its Persecution of The Church of Almighty God in 2022
  • 2. Summary of the Nature of the CCP’s Persecution
  • 3. Conclusion
  • Annex: 20 Selected Typical Cases in 2022

    Note: Cover Image Reconstructing the Persecution CAG Christians Suffered

    Some aliases are used in this report for the sake of protecting the involved Christians and their families. All aliases are marked with an asterisk * to distinguish them from real names.

    1. Overview

    The CCP Continued Its Persecution of The Church of Almighty God in 2022

    2022 was the third year of the COVID-19 global pandemic. The Chinese Communist Party’s high-handed “zero-COVID policy” had caused the people indescribable misery, and its sudden lifting of restrictions late in the year plunged them into even greater danger. Meanwhile, the CCP still did not cease its oppression and persecution of religious beliefs, with ongoing forced demolitions of churches[1],frequent harassment and prohibition of Christian house churches[2],and arrests and sentencing of Christians[3]occurring in great numbers. The Church of Almighty God remained a primary target for CCP oppression. The CCP struck hard against and suppressed The Church of Almighty God, designating it as a covert threat to national political security, something the CCP needs to fight against for the people of China and their hearts, attempting to fully wipe out CAG. According to incomplete statistics, just between 2011 and the end of 2022, more than 430,000 CAG Christians were arrested by the Chinese authorities, and the documented number of believers who have died as a result of persecution since the Church’s establishment has reached 231.

    According to incomplete statistics, at least 10,895 CAG Christians were arrested in 2022; of them, 3,257 were subjected to torture or brainwashing, and 1,901 were given prison sentences. Of those sentenced, 1002 received sentences of three years or more, 116 received sentences of seven years or more, and 19 were given heavy sentencesof 10 years or more. Among them, Li Xia* and Xingchen* received sentences of 15 years, and at least 14 other Christians were persecuted to the point of death. The Association for the Defense of Human Rights and Religious Freedom (ADHRRF) has published the information of 4,056 CAG members detained in the year 2022 in their database of prisoners of conscience[4]. A total of at least RMB 240 million (approximately USD $35.37 million) in assets were appropriated and illegally held from The Church of Almighty God and its members by the CCP in 2022.

    The CCP’s persecution of religious beliefs has long been common knowledge worldwide, and continually denounced by Western democracies. In US State Department’s 2021 International Religious Freedom Report released on June 2, 2022, US Secretary of State Blinken stated that China has broadly criminalized religious expression, “China continues its genocide and repression of predominately Muslim Uyghurs and other religious minority groups. … The PRC continues to harass adherents of other religions that it deems out of line with Chinese Community Party doctrine, including by destroying Buddhist, Christian, Islamic, and Taoist houses of worship and by erecting barriers to employment and housing for Christians, Muslims, Tibetan Buddhists, and Falun Gong practitioners.”

    2. Summary of the Nature of the CCP’s Persecution

    2.1 Multiple Targeted Crackdowns Carried Out, at Least 10,895 Christians Arrested

    2022 was the third year of the CCP’s three-year “All-Out War” against The Church of Almighty God; despite the severity of the pandemic, the nationwide crackdowns targeting The Church of Almighty God continued to be launched frequently, and the number of Christians arrested continued to rise. In April, a city in Henan Province issued a confidential red-letterhead document stating that the centralized arrangements of the Central, Provincial, and Municipal Political and Legal Affairs Commissions mandated that the number of CAG Christians must continue to be reduced in order to primarily ensure the smooth convening of the 20th National Congress, that the “Clean-up 2022” special operation must be launched to crack down on The Church of Almighty God. On the eve of the CCP’s 20th National Congress, many provinces and cities launched a campaign to suppress and persecute CAG under the guise of maintaining stability, resulting in the arrests of thousands of Christians. Out of all the provinces nationwide, persecution in Anhui and Jiangsu was most severe; by the end of December, the number of known arrests of Christians in Jiangsu totaled 1,343, while in Anhui it totaled 1,360. Shandong Province authorities promoted anti-religion propaganda at all levels of society, and even more feverishly incited the people to engage in religious persecution. For example, they trained schoolteachers on how to arrest Christians, with 1,153 known arrests as of the end of December. The persecution in other provinces and cities was also quite severe; the examples of arrest operations that follow represent only a portion of those actually carried out.

    In June, an anti-CAG crackdown was launched all over Anhui Province, and on June 20 alone, 361 CAG Christians were arrested. That same month, authorities in Guangdong targeted The Church of Almighty God in two major arrest operations, apprehending at least 387 CAG Christians.

    In the early morning of July 6, at least 135 people were arrested in Xinye, Tongbai, Dengzhou, and other counties in Nanyang City of Henan Province in a unified arrest operation against CAG Christians.

    From September to October, Jiangsu authorities’ persecution of CAG became increasingly severe, with at least 761 CAG Christians arrested. Forty-six people were arrested on October 26 alone.

    From September 18 to 25, Hubei police launched a unified arrest operation against CAG Christians, arresting at least 233 people.

    Chart: Numbers of CAG Christians Arrested, 2020-2022 (divided by quarter)

    Below is a table of incomplete statistics showing numbers of CAG Christians who have been arrested, detained, held in custody, and sentenced throughout 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) of China.

    Table 1: Numbers of CAG Christians Arrested, Detained, Sentenced and Remaining in Custody in 2022

    Province (Municipality, Aut. Region) Arrested Detained Being Held Sentenced
    Total 10,895 4,571 1,934 1,901
    Beijing 160 128 47 0
    Tianjin 122 33 30 18
    Hebei 72 36 12 5
    Shanxi 412 114 12 77
    Inner Mongolia 150 99 29 27
    Liaoning 33 10 1 3
    Jilin 422 178 95 24
    Heilongjiang 406 104 7 30
    Shanghai 15 5 1 0
    Jiangsu 1,343 461 86 76
    Anhui 1,360 490 189 68
    Zhejiang 220 86 25 90
    Fujian 162 43 0 29
    Jiangxi 295 175 48 75
    Shandong 1,153 510 224 265
    Henan 1,115 277 143 196
    Hubei 445 237 116 85
    Hunan 214 127 79 5
    Guangdong 1,086 701 426 217
    Guangxi 295 167 55 6
    Hainan 19 17 5 2
    Chongqing 153 66 45 16
    Sichuan 349 111 65 149
    Guizhou 75 38 11 19
    Yunnan 512 278 152 312
    Shaanxi 223 55 20 57
    Gansu 77 24 11 16
    Qinghai 1 0 0 2
    Ningxia 6 1 0 32
    Xinjiang —— —— —— ——

    2.2 The CCP Hands Out Harsh Sentences, at Least 1,901 Christians Sentenced

    Incomplete statistics indicate that in 2022, at least 1,901 CAG Christians were sentenced on charge of “using a cult organization to undermine the enforcement of the law” for participating in religious activities, or having religious materials in their home. Of them, 1,002 were sentenced to three years or more and 116 were sentenced to seven years or more; among these, Christian Xingchen* was given a heavy sentence of 15 years solely because she provided evidence of the CCP’s persecution of Christians to foreign media. The greatest number of convictions of CAG Christians was in Yunnan Province, with 312 sentenced. In January 2022, the Yunnan Province Lufeng Municipal Court issued a collective sentence against 30 CAG Christians. Among them, Zhou Xue* and Zhou Li* were heavily sentenced to 5-year and 4-year fixed sentences, respectively, because they held leadership roles; Christians Zhang Qiong* and Zhang Ping* were given heavy 4-year and 3.5-year sentences, respectively, for safekeeping church items. In 2022, 217 CAG Christians in Guangdong Province were sentenced because of their faith. Among them, 136 received harsh sentences of three years or more; the CCP came to believe that Chen Wen*, just 32 years old at the time, was a mid-level co-worker in the church, and thus gave her a severe term of 12 years. On November 29, 2022, the Yuncheng County People’s Court of Shandong Province collectively sentenced 10 CAG Christians, of which three church leaders were given fixed sentences of seven years or more, and six people were given four-year sentences. On November 9, the Yantai Laiyang People’s Court of Shandong Province collectively sentenced 29 CAG Christians, of which one individual received a 5-year fixed sentence, and 25 were given three years or more. On June 28, 2022, the Changzhi City, Luzhou District People’s Court of Shanxi Province began a hearing against multiple CAG Christians, in which five were given fixed sentences of seven or eight years; one of them, an elderly Christian nearly 70 years of age, was sentenced to seven years merely for providing a location for gatherings. Another Christian in her 60s, who had previously been detained for her faith in 2019, this time was sentenced severely to eight years in prison. Of the 4,056 CAG Christians in detention in 2022 as published by the Association for the Defense of Human Rights and Religious Freedom (ADHRRF)[5], 3,391 were female, accounting for 84%, and 73 of them were given sentences of 10 years or more.

    2.3 Christians Arrested and Brutally Tortured by the CCP, at Least 14 Persecuted to Death

    Incomplete statistics indicate that in 2022, at least 14 CAG Christians died as a result of CCP persecution. Some died from being brutally beaten, or due to torture to extract confessions; some were subjected to abuse and torture while imprisoned, developed conditions but weren’t allowed to be treated, and died as their conditions deteriorated; some were unable to withstand the CCP’s various tactics of forcing them to reveal information on the church, and then hanged themselves; and more.

    Below are brief overviews of some CAG Christians who were persecuted to death. This is a partial list.

    Table 2: Brief Information of CAG Christians Persecuted to Death in 2022 (Incomplete)

    No. Name Sex Year of Birth Native Place Date of Arrest Date of Death Circumstances of Death
    1 Liu Jianjun M 1972 Jiangsu Nov 11, 2022 Nov 29, 2022 He was taken to a hotel for several days of secret interrogations, then died after 10 days held in a detention house. The autopsy showed a large, blunt trauma to the head, blood clotting in the cranium and chest cavity, three fractured ribs, and no food residue in the stomach or intestines.
    2 Chunyang* F 1969 Beijing Sep 22, 2022 Oct 2, 2022 While detained, she was subjected to cruel forms of torture for not divulging church information, such as having her arms bent and handcuffed tightly behind her back, with one arm up and one arm down (a common tactic of Chinese police). One time as she was being sent back to her cell, she suddenly collapsed to the floor and began vomiting blood, fell into a coma, and later died after rescue efforts were unsuccessful.
    3 Zhu Xiaohong F 1985 Jiangsu May 25, 2022 June 10, 2022 She was brutally tortured while interrogated by the CCP, and five days later was driven to hang herself. On the remains, her entire face was swollen, there were wounds on her right cheekbone, blood in the corners of both eyes, and both nostrils were bloodstained.
    4 Huang Fenfang F 1967 Jiangxi Sep 19, 2019 Mar 21, 2022 She was forced to perform hard labor while in custody, and suffered long-term depression and malnutrition. This caused a recurrence of her breast cancer; treatment was delayed, and she died due to a lack of medical care.
    5 Fan Limin F 1968 Shandong Nov 1, 2019 Apr 7, 2022 She suffered abuse and torture while in custody, and was denied treatment after developing lung disease. Her condition then deteriorated, becoming late-stage lung cancer, and she died without care.
    6 Zhicheng* M 1973 Guangxi Jun 10, 2022 Aug 10, 2022 After his arrest, he was subjected to five hours daily of forced brainwashing and conversion, extremely small portions were served for each meal, and he had to sit still as punishment for over 10 hours every day. After nearly two months of such torture, he died from a sudden myocardial infarction.

    3. Conclusion

    It is common knowledge that the Chinese Communist Party is an atheistic dictatorial political party which has fully implemented atheistic education since coming to power. It strenuously denies the existence of God and frenziedly suppresses and persecutes Christianity and Catholicism, arresting and murdering Christians, and incinerating Bibles. The CCP is longing to fully eradicate religious beliefs, turning China into a zone of atheism so that all people believe in the Communist Party, and nothing else. Since Almighty God appeared and began working in mainland China in 1991, He has expressed millions of words of the truth, and more and more people who thirst for the truth have accepted Almighty God after hearing His words. This has terrified the CCP. It sees The Church of Almighty God as a thorn in its side, and it continues to madly pursue Christ of the last days and those who follow and bear witness to God, brutally persecuting God’s chosen people in its attempt to put a stop to God’s work of the last days. The CCP government has issued a number of confidential documents regarding the oppression of CAG, insisting “Troops won’t be withdrawn until the purge is complete,” using a wide variety of torture tactics to violently suppress CAG, secretly detaining God’s chosen people, conducting arbitrary detentions, extracting confessions through torture, beating people to death, even going so far as to mobilize the armed police and the military to suppress CAG. This has turned the entire Chinese mainland into a zone of terror. Thousands upon thousands of CAG Christians have been brutally tortured or sentenced and imprisoned, and suffered relentless abuse in prison. This brutal persecution has been both physically and mentally traumatic for Christians, and cases resulting in disability and death are not uncommon. The CCP’s evil deeds long ago aroused the wrath of God and the indignation of man. Today there are nonstop disasters across all of China, the people struggle with basic needs, there is absolute chaos within the CCP, and its very power is in jeopardy, yet it still continues to oppress The Church of Almighty God, regardless of everything. It is clear that the CCP will not rest in its persecution of Christians until the day of its demise. Its savage goal is to completely wipe out each and every Christian. We have obtained and are releasing these facts on this persecution in order to protect the fundamental human right of religious freedom, and to gain the assistance of the international community and human rights organizations.

    Annex: 20 Selected Typical Cases in 2022

    1) CAG Christians Persecuted to Death

    1. Liu Jianjun, male, was born in 1972 and was a Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Jiangxi Province. On November 11, 2022, he was arrested by police while in his home because of his faith; his laptop computer and other personal items were confiscated. After being taken to a hotel for over a week of secret interrogation, he was interned in a detention house in Xinyu City on November 19. Then on the afternoon of the 29th, his family received an unexpected call from the detention house, informing them that Liu Jianjun had suffered a sudden death in his cell that morning. They rushed to the mortuary, where they viewed his corpse and saw his chest was bruised, his legs were swollen, and he had broken skin and scabs on his wrists and feet. His family found the police’s justifications unbelievable and demanded an autopsy. The autopsy showed hemorrhaging in Liu Jianjun’s brain and chest cavity, three broken ribs, and his stomach and intestines had no traces of food. The medical examiner said that there were large blunt force injuries on his head. The security footage from the detention house showed Liu Jianjun on the day he entered the facility was in a good physical and mental state, walking with energy and able to take care of his own needs. But by the 24th, the sixth day, security footage showed a few other prisoners physically supporting him to shower; he collapsed, immobilized, after walking just halfway. Reportedly, Liu Jianjun had already been arrested because of his faith in December 2020 and brutally tortured in questioning. During this, his second arrest, he was tortured to the point of death after merely 10 days in the detention house, at the age of just 50.

    2. Chunyang*, female, born in 1969, was a Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Beijing. On September 22, 2022, several police officers pressed her down onto the ground as she was walking along the road after leaving a gathering site, then took her to her rental home. The police took two computers, funds and receipts belonging to the church, and other items. Chunyang was then brought to a case processing center for interrogation, and transferred to a detention house the next day for criminal detention. According to the other Christians arrested along with her, starting from September 27, the police interrogated Chunyang and handcuffed her hands bent tightly behind her back every day, demanding to know nonstop who the computers, receipts, and funds belonged to. After each interrogation, her hair and clothing were wet, her wrists had visible wounds, were bruised and bloody, and her hands were swollen. On Chunyang’s way back to her cell after her interrogation on October 2, she suddenly collapsed to the ground, unaware of her surroundings, blood oozing from her mouth, and she was taken to a hospital for emergency treatment. Her family wasn’t called and notified of her status until that evening at 9 p.m. By the time they were able to rush to the hospital, there was already no sign of life in Chunyang’s body, but the hospital staff continued to pretend to be conducting a rescue effort. After the fact, a doctor divulged to the family, “That was putting on a show for you to see.” At approximately midnight, the doctor declared Chunyang dead. The police claimed she had died from sudden cardiac arrest, but her family stated she had no heart problems whatsoever and was in good general health. Finally, the police agreed to pay restitution of RMB 390,000 and close this homicide case. Chunyang, at just 53 years of age, was tortured to death from a condition of perfectly good health within 10 days of her arrest. It is no longer possible to find out what sort of unthinkable torture she suffered in that detention house.

    3. Zhu Xiaohong, female, born in 1985, was a Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Jiangsu Province. The evening of May 25, 2022, over a dozen police officers burst into her home, forcefully detaining her and taking her to a nursing home. Eight other Christians were detained and taken to that nursing home the same day, where they were separated for questioning. Wang Rui*, one of the other Christians arrested, said that the police used torture to extract a confession from her in their attempts to have her provide information on the church; she also heard the terrible cries of Zhu Xiaohong being beaten next door to her. Another Christian, who was also tortured for a confession, saw a photo on an officer’s phone of Zhu Xiaohong who had been beaten; her hair was in disarray and there were bruises on her left face. The afternoon of May 30, Wang Rui heard sharp sounds of a door being bashed, then heard the person responsible for watching Zhu Xiaohong say that she had locked herself in the bathroom. Before long, four men carried a person out on a stretcher with a cloth draped over it—this was Zhu Xiaohong. On June 10, after ten full days, her family members were finally notified by the police that she had attempted suicide and rescue efforts were underway. Her family rushed to the hospital and asked to see her, but were told by the police, “Even if she could be saved, we wouldn’t let you see her. She’d go right back to detention!” Zhu Xiaohong’s family had just been taken to a hotel by the police when they informed them of her death. Upon hearing this terrible news, her father cried out in agony and demanded to know from the police, “You caused my daughter’s death in just five days, with what evidence of her committing a crime?” They responded, “Your daughter was religious, and broke the law of subverting state power. This is the major line that can’t be crossed in China.” Zhu Xiaohong was cremated on June 11; kept under watch by forty or fifty plainclothes police officers, her family was only able to view her body through a glass coffin. Her entire face was swollen, there was a scar on the right cheekbone, there was blood in the corners of her eyes, and traces of blood in her nose. Her family members said that what concerned Zhu Xiaohong most in the world was her little son who was in ill health; if it hadn’t been for that unbearable, inhuman torture, she never would have committed suicide.

    4. Huang Fenfang, female, born in 1967, was a Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Jiangxi Province. She underwent breast cancer surgery in October 2017, after which she subsequently recovered very well, and she was able to lead a completely normal life. Then on September 19, 2019, Huang Fenfang was tailed and arrested by CCP police on her way to a gathering, and four days later taken to a hotel for secret interrogations. Trying to get her to sell out other Christians, the police deprived her of sleep by shouting her awake every time she nodded off, to the point that she was extremely depressed and on edge. On September 29, she was taken to a detention house for internment. While interned, Huang Fenfang was required to fold between 2,400 and 3,200 joss paper ingots every day, and was made to stand for long periods without rest as punishment if she didn’t complete the allotted amount. Her effort to complete her tasks put Huang Fenfang under great mental strain every day, and her back ached with exhaustion. The detention house food was very poor-quality, lacking oil and salt, and rations were meager. She was often unable to eat her fill. On January 30, 2020, she found a lump on one side of her neck that was growing bigger and bigger, but the prison doctor completely disregarded her and refused to give her any medicine when she mentioned her health issue to the doctor. In March, not only had the lump on her neck continued to grow, but she had a worsening cough and difficulty breathing; the prison doctor had no choice but to provide some medication, but it had no effect. As Huang Fenfang’s condition became worse and worse, she finally obtained medical parole for outside treatment. The diagnosis was stage IV post-surgical breast cancer with multiple metastases, and there were tumors on a number of organs. The doctor was frank: Huang Fengfan’s cancer recurring so quickly was directly correlated with her depression, inadequate nutrition, and hard labor in jail. Her family said that after her arrest, they brought her medical record to public security bodies and the detention house multiple times, stating she needed screening for cancer and applying for medical parole, but all requests were denied. The police even lied, saying that Huang Fenfang had been checked four or five times and was doing very well in the detention house. This delayed check-ups on her condition over and over. Because she missed the optimal window for treatment, Huang Fenfang’s cancer had already spread. She died without treatment at 55 years old on March 21, 2022.

    5. Fan Limin, female, born in 1968, was a Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Shandong Province. On November 1, 2019, she was arrested and taken to a police station for interrogation because she was a believer. She was transferred to the Qingdao No. 2 Detention House and detained there the next day. The detention house required prisoners to sit cross-legged for 11 hours every day without extending their legs. Because Fan Limin was truly unable to bear this, she was given daily punishments, forced to stand still on watch for two hours every evening, for two weeks straight. She was tortured to the point that her back ached, her legs hurt, she was dizzy, her chest was tight and she struggled to breathe. After that, she continued to suffer from frequent dizziness and coughing. In late June 2020, Fan Limin’s dizziness became worse; the prison doctor said it was caused by cervical spondylosis, and so the correctional officer forced her to lie flat on a bed for 24 hours a day, for more than 10 days straight, without getting up. She wasn’t allowed to stand up until she started feeling chest pain and was struggling to breathe. She asked for imaging tests on multiple occasions, but the correctional officer refused every time. Fan Liming wasn’t permitted to go to a hospital for examination until August 20, when her condition had worsened, but the results were kept secret. On September 9 when Fan Limin was bedridden from her condition, the police agreed to release her after she signed a “Notification of Obligations of Person Under Residential Surveillance,” and they warned her to give up her faith after returning home. She didn’t find out that she had lung cancer that had already progressed to its late stage until she went home. However, the CCP still did not relent in its persecution of her. On November 2020, Qingdao Huangdao District procuratorate filed charges against her for “using a cult organization to undermine the enforcement of the law.” On April 7, 2022, Fan Limin died from her illness at home, 54 years old.

    2) CAG Christians Subjected to Torture

    1. Ren Ge*, male, in his 50s, is a Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Chongqing City. On June 26, 2022, the Chongqing police launched a unified operation to arrest members of The Church of Almighty God; Ren Ge was among the 69 apprehended that day. In order to force him to give up information on the church, the police hit him in the face and head with rolled up scrolls of paper, then electrocuted him on his waist and back with an electric baton. The intense electrical current immediately knocked him down to the ground, and he fainted. After he regained consciousness, officers whipped him with a cowhide whip with the thickness of a thumb, ripping his clothing and leaving trails of blood on his body; he was in so much pain that he couldn’t stop rolling back and forth on the floor. An officer barked at him, “We can beat you believers to death with impunity. Haven’t we already done that to plenty of people?” They continued on, grabbing him and yanking him up by the shoulders, then handcuffing him and suspending him by the handcuffs from metal pipes, leaving his body completely suspended in the air. The handcuffs’ teeth dug deep into Ren Ge’s wrists and blood flowed from his wrists—it was excruciatingly painful. The police also put burning cigarette butts all over his shoulders and back, causing him to lose consciousness from the pain. Ren Ge was left dangling in the air overnight, and to this day suffers numbness in his hands. Trying to force him to tell them information about the church, the police also tied him to a tiger bench and stuffed five bricks under his heels. Ren Ge felt like his bones and tendons were about to snap; he was screaming in pain, his clothing was soaked through with sweat, and he fainted yet again. After four days nonstop of this brutal torture, he was left unable to move, devoid of strength throughout his entire body. The police continued to punish him by forcing him to do the horse stance for one day and one night. During this time, he became truly unable to withstand it and knelt down to the floor, so the police kicked him hard in the shoulders; he climbed back up after falling down. This cycle repeated countless times, leaving his shoulders bruised from the kicking. Though Ren Ge was released after more than a month of detention, the electrocution left him with residual effects. Bending at the waist is still painful for him, and he suffers pain when there are changes in the weather.

    2. Wu Hua, female, is a 58-year-old Christian from The Church of Almighty God in Jiangsu Province. On November 7, 2022 as she was taking care of some church work at a gathering place, more than 10 plainclothes officers suddenly burst in, arrested her, and took her to a hotel for secret interrogations. The police used savage, brutal torture against her in their efforts to force her to tell them about the church. They locked each of her hands and feet separately to ring buckles on the interrogation chair so that her entire body was dangling off the chair, taped a jug of water to the front of her chest, and then picked up the chair and swung it around forcefully. This was intensely painful for Wu Hua in her wrists and arms; they tortured her this way for about an hour. The police questioned her as they tortured her, and seeing she wouldn’t talk, they brought over a second interrogation chair and locked her right arm and right leg to its ring buckles, then pulled the two chairs in opposite directions so that her entire body was suspended and pulled apart. Her hands and feet were in pain to the point they felt like they were being snapped off. This brutal torment continued nonstop until 2 a.m. the following day. Wu Hua tried to commit suicide when she could no longer bear the pain, at which point the police finally stopped their torture. A few days later, the police resumed their cruel interrogation of Wu Hua, trying to force her to sell out the church. They handcuffed her, made her sit with her arms around her knees, ran an iron rod through the bend in her legs between her arms, then picked her up to “play on the swing,” tormenting her by shaking on the rod without reprieve. Seeing she still wouldn’t give them any information, the police furiously switched torture tactics, continuing for eight hours straight. Although Wu Hua was later able to escape from the demons’ lair, that horrible torture left her hands and feet swollen and numb to this day.

    3. Zhao Gang*, male, is a 42-year-old Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Shandong Province. He was arrested on March 26, 2022 while on his way home, then taken to the local police station for interrogation. Trying to force him to give them information on the church, the police slapped him a dozen or so times in the face, punched him hard on the forehead, then sprayed an entire bottle of chili pepper water all over his face, choking him in pain and causing tears to flow. Over the several days that followed, the police used torture to extract a confession from him, and handcuffed him, with his right arm twisted behind his shoulder and his left arm pulled up from below behind his back. One officer put his knee into Zhao Gang’s back then yanked upwards on his handcuffs, propped up his arms on a chair and tied his feet to another chair, leaving him suspended in the air. He immediately felt intense pain in his arms. The police also made him squat on the ground with his feet together for as long as several hours; they forcefully kicked him when he couldn’t stay squatting and fell down. Then, one officer stood on each of his calves and flogged the bottoms of his feet with power cords forcefully, making Zhao Gang cry out in pain. They tore his hair out handful by handful, leaving him in agony. He was held in the police station for approximately 17 days, and each night he was there he was deprived of the right to sleep. Zhao Gang was put under residential surveillance after his release. Because of the torture he endured, he is still unable to raise his arms and he can’t carry heavy objects; the blood clots in his feet didn’t start gradually fading until a couple of weeks later.

    4. Han Xiao*, female, is a 57-year-old Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Hubei Province. In September 2022, Han Xiao was released from prison after serving her full term, and she then shared her story of being arrested, imprisoned, and brutally tortured because of her faith in Almighty God. In September 2018, she was arrested while in a gathering and then taken into custody in a local detention house. A year later, she was sentenced to four years in prison by a local court on the charge of “using a cult organization to undermine the enforcement of the law.” When she was serving time, the prison guards instigated the other prisoners to mistreat and torment Han Xiao at will, attempting to get her to sign the “Three Letters” declaring that she would give up her faith and turn her back on God. The head prisoner ordered her to put her two legs together, press her hands against the sides of her pants’ seams, lower her head and look at her toes, and stand still that way without moving from 9 a.m. until 12 a.m. at night every day, for eight days straight. Being forced to stand for long periods left her feet extremely swollen, and they would become indented when pressed. Because Han Xiao refused to sign the Three Letters, the sector chief intensified her corporal punishment, making her stand facing a wall from 5 a.m. until 12 a.m. without moving. The prison guards also withheld food from her, only allowing her a little bit to eat and half a cup of water every day. She was so hungry that she became dizzy and weak, with blood pressure sometimes as high as 200 mmHg. Under such abuse and torture, her weight plummeted by 20 kg in just a couple of weeks. She was forced to stand as punishment for 17 days in a row, as much as 19 hours a day, which caused her calves to become so swollen she was unable to squat down and the skin on insteps of her feet had broken from the swelling. This horrible torture left Han Xiao with lasting health problems; a small amount of extra walking or standing make her feet terribly painful.

    5. Zhang Fenglan*, female, is a 48-year-old Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Henan Province. The evening of April 12, 2022, five police officers burst into Zhang Fenglan’s home, arrested her, and took her to the local police station for questioning. Attempting to gain information on the church, the police smacked her across the face dozens of times, then used the “threading the rod” form of torture on her, cuffing both her hands and feet, making her squat down and hug her knees, threading a wooden rod behind her knees and in front of her arms, then lifting her up so her body was suspended. One officer hit her on the soles of her feet with a rubber rod while another continued smacking her in the face, demanding that she reveal details about the church. Zhang Fenglan was in so much pain that she was screaming out. The black hood over her head coupled with such torture made it very difficult for her to breathe, and her head felt swollen and was painful. She passed out after more than an hour of this torture; when she regained consciousness, her entire body hurt so much that she was unable to move. The next day, the police continued demanding that she tell them who the church leader was and where the church’s funds were kept. Because she wouldn’t tell them, they used a suspension form of torture, handcuffing both her wrists and hanging her from a pole by the handcuffs, then tying her right foot to the rod with a rope so that her left leg was dangling in the air. One officer hit her repeatedly in the right foot with a rubber rod while another smacked her in the face, beating her and interrogating her simultaneously. They continued this torture until she lost consciousness again. The questioning continued after the police used water to awaken her. They used metal rods to viciously beat her in the ribs, making her tremble uncontrollably in pain, and also electrocuted her with electric batons until she passed out. This brutal torture left Zhang Fenglan with serious ongoing health issues; she often experiences numbness in her hands and is unable to carry heavy objects.

    6. Liu Zhizhong*, male, a 64-year-old Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Shandong Province. In September 2022, Liu Zhizhong was arrested by the police for his faith in Almighty God. Because he refused to provide information on the church, three or four officers took turns punching and kicking him and used rolled-up notebooks to hit him forcefully in the face and the back of the head, all the while cursing at him. One officer stuck a book to the front of his chest and punched it hard; he choked him by the neck and slammed his head against a wall, leaving Liu Zhizhong racked with pain and his head spinning. Right after that, an officer brought out photographs of other Christians for him to identify, and then they continued punching, kicking, and smacking him when he refused. They also whipped his back several times with a meter-long metal whip with teeth; he lost consciousness from the pain. The police sprayed ethyl alcohol on his face to wake him up, and then continued their violence after he came to. During this cruel interrogation, he was beaten into unconsciousness three times, and beyond the age of 60, he was both physically and mentally devastated. Liu Zhizhong was later released on bail and currently remains under police surveillance, without any personal freedom.

    7. Zhou Honglan*, female, is a 50-year-old Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Jiangxi Province. On September 8, 2020, Zhou Honglan was arrested and held in detainment by the police because of her belief in God. One year later, she was sentenced to one year in prison by a local court. While she was serving her sentence, the prison authorities tried to force Zhou Honglan to sign the “Three Letters” declaring she would give up her faith and betray God; when she refused, the prison guards incited other prisoners to abuse and torture her. The prisoners taped her mouth shut, tied her hands behind her back, and slapped her in a frenzy. Right after that, the prison guards and three other prisoners took her to a bathroom, where they suspended her from the metal bars on the window, tore off her pants, shoes, and socks, then sprayed her on her groin and thighs with scalding hot, 70℃ shower water. They then tried to have her sign the Three Letters. Zhou Honglan still refused, and so the prisoners stripped all her clothing off and started spraying hot water all over her body. She was burned so badly she couldn’t hold back her cries, and so the prison guards had prisoners stuff socks into her mouth and continue spraying her with hot water. The burns left her entire body red, swollen, and forming water blisters. The wounds on her body later started becoming inflamed. Although Zhou Honglan has now been released, that brutal torment has left her covered with scars, her skin sticks together, she is unable to extend her body straight, and she cannot hold a normal job. It has severely impacted her ability to lead a normal life.

    3) CAG Christians Heavily Sentenced and Held in Custody

    1. Li Xia*, female, born in 1965, is a Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Shaanxi Province and was a church leader at the time of her arrest. On September 15, 2020 while Li Xia was doing church work, she was arrested and detained by police. Then in March 2022, she was deprived of her political rights for three years and sentenced to 15 years in prison on the charge of “organizing and using a cult organization to undermine the enforcement of the law” for nothing other than believing in God and participating in legitimate activities of faith. She was also fined RMB 100,000 (approximately USD $15,000).

    2. Xingchen*, female, born in 1991, is a Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Fujian Province. On August 26, 2019, the CCP police carried out a unified arrest operation targeting the Fuzhou City CAG Christians; Xingchen was one of those arrested and taken into custody. In October 2022, she was deprived of her political rights for five years and sentenced to 15 years in prison by a CCP court on the charges of “illegally supplying state secrets to foreign countries” and “using a cult organization to undermine the enforcement of the law,” solely for providing evidence of the CCP’s persecution of Christians to foreign media. She was also fined RMB 5,000 (approximately USD $750).

    3. Tang Qi*, male, was born in 1986 and is a Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Gansu Province; he was arrested while serving as a church leader. On September 15, 2020, Tang Qi was arrested and taken into custody by police while performing church work. In March 2022, he was deprived of his political rights for three years and sentenced to 14.5 years in prison by a CCP court on the charge of “organizing and using a cult organization to undermine the enforcement of the law” for nothing other than believing in God and participating in legitimate activities of faith. He was also fined RMB 80,000 (approximately USD $12,000).

    4. Lei Shi*, male, was born in 1953 and is a Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Shaanxi Province. On September 23, 2020, Lei Shi was arrested and taken into custody for his faith. In March 2022, he was deprived of his political rights for three years and sentenced to 14 years in prison by a CCP court on the charge of “organizing and using a cult organization to undermine the enforcement of the law” for nothing other than believing in God and participating in legitimate activities of faith. He was also fined RMB 80,000 (approximately USD $12,000).

    4) The CCP Plundered Church Funds and Christians’ Personal Assets

    1. Yang Chen*, female, is a 51-year-old Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Sichuan Province. On July 14, 2022, six plainclothes officers stormed into Yang Chen’s residence and, after gaining control over her and three other Christians, began a major search of the premises. They stole RMB 407,626 (approximately USD $61,144) of church funds as well as church and personal goods valuing RMB 34,845 (approximately USD $5,227). Yang Chen and the others were then taken to the police station for questioning, and she remains in custody to this day.

    2. Lin Yue*, female, is a 55-year-old Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Shandong Province. On June 23, 2022, eight plainclothes officers stormed into Lin Yue’s home and forcefully searched it, stealing more than RMB 200,000 in cash along with gold and silver jewelry, bank cards, and other items, totaling RMB 515,000 (approximately USD $77,250). They then took Lin Yue to the police station for questioning. Reportedly, she still remains in custody in a detention house, awaiting trial.

    3. Xu Fang*, female, is a 68-year-old Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Beijing. On September 21, 2022, three plainclothes officers burst into her home and began madly tearing through it like bandits, finding RMB 283,000 (approximately USD $42,450) in cash and half a kilo of gold bars (worth about USD $37,500), taking all of it. Although Xu Fang and her son explained repeatedly that these were their entire savings and they would have nothing to live off of without it, the police entirely disregarded them and took everything, people and all, to the police station. The next day, the police sent Xu Fang and her son to a detention house to be held for “suspected use of a cult organization to undermine the enforcement of the law.” On October 28, Xu Fang and her son were released on bail. When they asked the police to return their personal money and belongings, the police made excuses not to return them. This left Xu Fang and her son unable to afford their own rent, unable to afford their basic needs.

    4. Li Xin*, female, is a 46-year-old Christian with The Church of Almighty God in Heilongjiang Province. On August 2, 2022, seven police officers burst into Li Xin’s home, arrested her and her husband, and turned their house upside down in a major search. The RMB 216,300 (approximately USD $31,882) they had painstakingly amassed through years of the sweat of their brows along with electronics worth over RMB 40,000 were all taken. Afterward, Li Xin went to the Public Security Bureau multiple times to ask for her money to be returned, but the police refused to do so using various excuses, leaving her struggling to get by. After her husband suffered brutal torture at the police’s hands, he was left with chronic pain in his arms; labor is very taxing for him. After his release, he had to go out to work to support the family.

    5) The CCP Arbitrarily Detained and Imprisoned CAG Christians

    According to incomplete statistics, at least 1,901 CAG Christians were sentenced on charge of “using a cult organization to undermine the enforcement of the law” in 2022 for participating in religious activities or keeping literature of faith at home. 116 of them were even sentenced to seven years or more. Please refer to the table below for details.

    Table 3: Brief Information of CAG Christians Sentenced to 7 Years or More in 2022

    No. Name Sex Year of Birth Date of Sentencing Place of Sentencing Prison Term
    1 Xingchen* F 1991 Oct 2022 Fuzhou, Fujian 15 years
    2 Li Xia* F 1965 Mar 8, 2022 Xi’an, Shaanxi 15 years
    3 Tang Qi* M 1986 Mar 8, 2022 Xi’an, Shaanxi 14 years and 6 months
    4 Lei Shi* M 1953 Mar 8, 2022 Xi’an, Shaanxi 14 years
    5 Li Yuan* F 1969 2022 Qingyuan, Guangdong 12 years
    6 Chen Wen* F 1989 Sep 14, 2022 Qingyuan, Guangdong 12 years
    7 Xiaoyue* F 1980 Nov 25, 2022 Dongguan, Guangdong 12 years
    8 Yan Jie* F 1990 Feb 17, 2022 Zhongwei, Ningxia 11 years and 6 months
    9 Fang Qin* F 1970 Feb 17, 2022 Zhongwei, Ningxia 11 years
    10 Ma Yan* F 1980 Nov 25, 2022 Dongguan, Guangdong 11 years
    11 Chen Rui* F Unknown Jul, 2022 Chengdu, Sichuan 11 years
    12 Wang Zhi* M 1968 Jul 27, 2022 Zigong, Sichuan 11 years
    13 Xu Duo* M 1991 Dec, 2022 Zigong, Sichuan 10 years and 6 months
    14 Fang Xin* F 1980 Aug 30, 2022 Shenzhen, Guangdong 10 years
    15 Ma Yi* F 1987 Sep 21, 2022 Foshan, Guangdong 10 years
    16 Mengling* F 1995 Sep 21, 2022 Foshan, Guangdong 10 years
    17 Gan Ping* F 1981 Dec 30, 2022 Dongguan, Guangdong 10 years
    18 Chen Lan* F 1970 Dec 26, 2022 Zigong, Sichuan 10 years
    19 Zhang Yun* M 1961 Feb 17, 2022 Guyuan, Ningxia 10 years
    20 Kong Tian* F 1963 Feb 17, 2022 Zhongwei, Ningxia 9 years
    21 Li Zhen* F 1962 Apr 26, 2022 Kunming, Yunnan 9 years
    22 Chen Hui* M 1971 Jul, 2022 Zigong, Sichuan 9 years
    23 Zhao Hui* M 1996 Aug 29, 2022 Chengdu, Sichuan 9 years
    24 Xiang Ru* F 1994 Jun 28, 2022 Nanyang, Henan 9 years
    25 Hu Fang* F 1972 Aug 30, 2022 Zhoukou, Henan 9 years
    26 Yu Hui* F 1963 Feb 24, 2022 Xi’an, Shaanxi 9 years
    27 Zhao Mei* F 1966 Aug 30, 2022 Zhoukou, Henan 8 years and 10 months
    28 Zhang Ying* F 1977 Aug 30, 2022 Zhoukou, Henan 8 years and 10 months
    29 Zhang Qin* F 1982 Aug 30, 2022 Zhoukou, Henan 8 years and 6 months
    30 Wang Ping* F 1964 Aug 30, 2022 Zhoukou, Henan 8 years and 6 months
    31 Wu Jing* F 1972 Jun 28, 2022 Nanyang, Henan 8 years and 6 months
    32 Li Ye* F 1986 Jun 28, 2022 Nanyang, Henan 8 years and 6 months
    33 Yixin* F 1975 Dec, 2022 Jinhua, Zhejiang 8 years and 6 months
    34 Zheng Jun* M 1965 Feb 17, 2022 Zhongwei, Ningxia 8 years and 6 months
    35 Wang Lin* M 1970 Feb 17, 2022 Zhongwei, Ningxia 8 years and 6 months
    36 Bai Feng* F 1953 Oct 25, 2022 Shuangyashan, Heilongjiang 8 years
    37 Sun Lei* F 1983 Jun 28, 2022 Nanyang, Henan 8 years
    38 Zheng Xin* F 1962 Jun 28, 2022 Changzhi, Shanxi 8 years
    39 Zhu Li* F 1980 Jul 7, 2022 Yangzhou, Jiangsu 8 years
    40 Li Ming* F 1974 May 5, 2022 Yichun, Jiangxi 8 years
    41 Zheng Qing* F 1989 Feb 24, 2022 Xi’an, Shaanxi 8 years
    42 Zhang Yan* F 1989 Mar 8, 2022 Xi’an, Shaanxi 8 years
    43 Jin Yan* F 1995 Mar 8, 2022 Xi’an, Shaanxi 8 years
    44 Han Li* F 1961 Dec 13, 2022 Bengbu, Anhui 8 years
    45 Liu Ming* M 1969 Jul 22, 2022 Pu’er, Yunnan 8 years
    46 Zhao Qing* F 1967 Aug 16, 2022 Pu’er, Yunnan 8 years
    47 Guo En* F Unknown Dec, 2022 Quanzhou, Fujian 8 years
    48 Wang Lan* F 1973 Dec, 2022 Quanzhou, Fujian 8 years
    49 Ai Yan* F 1992 Dec 13, 2022 Enshi, Hubei 8 years
    50 Zhang Yu* F 1965 Dec 13, 2022 Enshi, Hubei 7 years and 10 months
    51 Jin Sui* F 1968 Feb 17, 2022 Zhongwei, Ningxia 7 years and 10 months
    52 Zhou Meng* F 1963 Feb 17, 2022 Zhongwei, Ningxia 7 years and 10 months
    53 Wu Xuan* F 1958 Oct 25, 2022 Shuangyashan, Heilongjiang 7 years and 6 months
    54 Yang Si* F 1972 2022 Foshan, Guangdong 7 years and 6 months
    55 Zhao Yang* M 1985 May 7, 2022 Yantai, Shandong 7 years and 6 months
    56 Cheng Lin* F 1985 Nov 29, 2022 Heze, Shandong 7 years and 6 months
    57 Li Li* F 1966 Oct 12, 2022 Hangzhou, Zhejiang 7 years and 6 months
    58 Zhao Rui* F 1967 Jul 18, 2022 Hangzhou, Zhejiang 7 years and 6 months
    59 Zheng Lu* F 1982 Jul 7, 2022 Yangzhou, Jiangsu 7 years and 6 months
    60 Zhao Yan* F 1972 Sep 13, 2022 Xuzhou, Jiangsu 7 years and 6 months
    61 Meihong* F 1968 Dec 13, 2022 Bengbu, Anhui 7 years and 6 months
    62 Han Dong* M 1971 Jul 26, 2022 Bazhong, Sichuan 7 years and 6 months
    63 Lin En* F 1970 Dec 29, 2022 Guang’an, Sichuan 7 years and 6 months
    64 Wu Zhi* F 1946 Aug 30, 2022 Zhoukou, Henan 7 years and 6 months
    65 Feng Qi* F Unknown Dec, 2022 Quanzhou, Fujian 7 years and 6 months
    66 Xiao Di* F Unknown Dec, 2022 Quanzhou, Fujian 7 years and 6 months
    67 Fan Li* F Unknown Dec, 2022 Quanzhou, Fujian 7 years and 6 months
    68 Liu Lan* F 1994 Dec, 2022 Quanzhou, Fujian 7 years and 6 months
    69 Peng Hua* F Unknown Dec, 2022 Quanzhou, Fujian 7 years and 6 months
    70 Xun Yue* F Unknown Dec, 2022 Quanzhou, Fujian 7 years and 6 months
    71 Han Xiao* F Unknown Dec, 2022 Quanzhou, Fujian 7 years and 6 months
    72 Hong Fang* F Unknown Dec, 2022 Quanzhou, Fujian 7 years and 6 months
    73 Tian Hui* F 1970 Feb 17, 2022 Zhongwei, Ningxia 7 years and 6 months
    74 Li Xun* F 1995 Jul 7, 2022 Yangzhou, Jiangsu 7 years and 3 months
    75 Xia Ying* F 1971 Sep 13, 2022 Xuzhou, Jiangsu 7 years and 3 months
    76 Wang Fang* F 1969 Jul 18, 2022 Hangzhou, Zhejiang 7 years and 3 months
    77 Xie Yuan* F 1968 Dec 29, 2022 Guang’an, Sichuan 7 years and 3 months
    78 Wang Yong* M 1983 Sep 21, 2022 Foshan, Guangdong 7 years and 2 months
    79 Yang Yi* M 1963 May 5, 2022 Kaili, Guizhou 7 years
    80 Li Na* F 1954 Aug 23, 2022 Bijie, Guizhou 7 years
    81 Jiang Mei* F 1965 Feb 25, 2022 Chuxiong, Yunnan 7 years
    82 Yang Li* F 1972 Feb 25, 2022 Chuxiong, Yunnan 7 years
    83 Cai Xin* F 1975 Apr 28, 2022 Chuxiong, Yunnan 7 years
    84 Xiao Fan* F 1970 Jun 28, 2022 Changzhi, Shanxi 7 years
    85 Wang Hua* F 1964 Jun 28, 2022 Changzhi, Shanxi 7 years
    86 Xu Qin* F 1954 Jun 28, 2022 Changzhi, Shanxi 7 years
    87 Liu Dong* M 1967 Jun 28, 2022 Changzhi, Shanxi 7 years
    88 Wang Lin* F 1984 Aug 30, 2022 Shenzhen, Guangdong 7 years
    89 Wang Mei* F 1988 Aug 30, 2022 Shenzhen, Guangdong 7 years
    90 Yang Xiao* F 1994 Aug 30, 2022 Shenzhen, Guangdong 7 years
    91 Zhang Nian* F 1975 Sep 14, 2022 Qingyuan, Guangdong 7 years
    92 Yang Shun* M 1987 2022 Qingyuan, Guangdong 7 years
    93 Li Heng* F 1978 Nov 25, 2022 Dongguan, Guangdong 7 years
    94 Mowen* M 1997 Dec 30, 2022 Dongguan, Guangdong 7 years
    95 Zheng Shu* F 1977 Oct 28, 2022 Yangjiang, Guangdong 7 years
    96 Yang Miao* F 1974 Oct 28, 2022 Yangjiang, Guangdong 7 years
    97 Yang Mei* F 1965 2022 Nanjing, Jiangsu 7 years
    98 Zhao Wei* F 1982 2022 Nanjing, Jiangsu 7 years
    99 Yu Qing* F 1969 Sep 13, 2022 Xuzhou, Jiangsu 7 years
    100 Wu Yue* F 1986 Dec 30, 2022 Wuhu, Anhui 7 years
    101 Xiao Qian* F 1995 Dec 30, 2022 Wuhu, Anhui 7 years
    102 Ding Qian* F 1986 Nov 29, 2022 Heze, Shandong 7 years
    103 Wang Ying* F 1967 Nov 29, 2022 Heze, Shandong 7 years
    104 Mo Li* F 1975 2022 Lanzhou, Gansu 7 years
    105 Wan Xia* F 1971 Sep, 2022 Lanzhou, Gansu 7 years
    106 Liu Xin* F 1961 2022 Lanzhou, Gansu 7 years
    107 Zheng Jia* F 1953 Mar 8, 2022 Xi’an, Shaanxi 7 years
    108 Lyu Xiao* F 1968 Jul 18, 2022 Hangzhou, Zhejiang 7 years
    109 Zhang Xin* F 1974 Jun 13, 2022 Jinhua, Zhejiang 7 years
    110 Chen Yi* F 1987 Oct, 2022 Fuzhou, Fujian 7 years
    111 Zhao Xiang* F 1959 May 31, 2022 Yichun, Jiangxi 7 years
    112 Qin Fen* F 1966 Jul 26, 2022 Bazhong, Sichuan 7 years
    113 Zheng Mei* F 1963 2022 Guang’an, Sichuan 7 years
    114 Wang Guang* F Unknown Jun, 2022 Siping, Jilin 7 years
    115 Bai Xue* F 1962 Jul, 2022 Jilin, Jilin 7 years
    116 Li Mei* F 1968 Aug 30, 2022 Zhoukou, Henan 7 years

    References:

    1 《Another Christian Church Forcibly Demolished in Zhejiang: Authorities Censor Online Information, Radio Free Asia, January 12, 2023

    https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/shehui/tj-01122023100028.html

    2 In Changchun, Jilin, Sunshine Reformed Church Banned: Stormed by Police Last Month, Radio Free Asia, September 16, 2022

    https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/Xinwen/2-09162022093205.html

    3 Zhang Chunlei, Elder in Guiyang Underground Church, Sentenced in Closed-door Trial, Radio Free Asia, December 02, 2022

    https://www.rfa.org/mandarin/Xinwen/5-12022022133252.html

    4 4,056 Cases of Arbitrary Arrest and Detention of CAG Christians by CCP, ADHRRF, February 5, 2023

    https://en.adhrrf.org/the-christians-from-the-church-of-almighty-god-arrested-or-persecuted-1.html

    5 4,056 Cases of Arbitrary Arrest and Detention of CAG Christians by CCP, ADHRRF, February 5, 2023

    https://en.adhrrf.org/the-christians-from-the-church-of-almighty-god-arrested-or-persecuted-1.html

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